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Since each of my staff are experts in their own right, fielding a growing amount of questions from you fine folks–and it’s nice to get a change in perspective–you’ll be seeing more and more posts from these talented people in weeks and months to come. Today, Scott takes the reins and answers a popular question about making great black & white images, with a case study to show you how. Take it away Scotty…
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The world is not black and white…but the Seattle 100 post production is.
Following up on the popular guest blog post I penned about the sand jumper image, I thought I’d use this platform to respond to the string of questions I’ve been getting about how we got the striking high contrast black and white aesthetic in the Seattle 100 project.
In the tradition of this blog, this is not going to be a tutorial, rather a theoretical discussion with some visual aids to help illustrate. Post production, like photography is a vast set of tools which give an artist infinite ways to arrive at a finished product. Do not get caught up in the tools, they’re just tools.
Glad that’s out of the way. Now, here’s the theory of the Seattle 100 post production…
- Make the whites white and the blacks black.
- Emphasize interesting textures and features.
- De-emphasize distracting textures or features (see #1).
- Build contrast by adding layers (this can be very incremental).
- Black and white is a friendly medium, don’t be afraid.
- ‘Because it looks cool’ is a perfectly acceptable reason to do something.
Now a bit of the nitty gritty. I’ll dissect the layers briefly in order to illustrate the concept of creating real blacks and whites, and building contrast with layering. Before any of that is done there is a quick retouch process to remove surface blemishes. Since these are portraits and not glamour shots, the point of the retouching is just to be friendly with little bumps and blemishes, not to change the character or structure of the person in the image.
Next comes the conversion from color to black and white. I used a black and white adjustment layer set to yellow filter. The yellow and red filters tend to be very kind to skin, and generate strong contrast, a good initial starting point.
Converted to monochrome with black & white adjustment layer set to yellow filter. Yellow filter helps to make smooth skin.
The rest of the final look is developed using only a series of levels and curves layers with some strategic use of masking in order to emphasize the good and hide the bad.
Step 1: Round 1 in overall contrast building. Curves layer set to darken shadows and midtones. Eyes and hair are masked out to varying degrees.
Step 2: Round 2 in overall contrast building. Levels layer set to lighten highlights and midtones. Hair next to her face masked out somewhat.
Step 3: Round 3 in overall contrast building. Curves layer set to darken shadows.
Step 4: Round 1 in hair contrast building. Levels layer set to darken shadows and lighten highlights. Only the hair is being adjusted, all other features are masked out.
Step 5: Round 4 in overall contrast building. Levels layer set to lighten highlights. Pushing the white areas all the way to white.
Step 6: Round 2 in hair contrast building. Levels layer set to darken shadows and lighten highlights. Only the hair is being adjusted, all other features are masked out.
Step 7: Round 5 in overall contrast building. Curves layer set to darken shadows and midtones. Eyes are masked out somewhat.
Step 8: Eyes only. Curves layer set to darken shadows and lighten midtones and highlights. Only the eyes are being adjusted, all other areas are masked out.
Step 9: Round 3 in hair contrast building. Levels layer set to darken shadows and lighten highlights. Only the hair is being adjusted, all other features are masked out.
Step 10: Sharpening with high pass filter layer set to soft light.
Take a look at the series of images. On one hand, there is a drastic difference in terms of the impact of the image. On the other hand, all of the elements were there in the original. The direct striking gaze, the smooth dark skin framed in darkness, the exquisite wild hair. All of the post production efforts were aimed at enhancing the image by drawing the eye to the most compelling parts of the portrait.
If you were to pick this image apart you’d find that the blacks are very much black, there’s no data in the areas that appear black. The same goes for the white. Those tones serve as the absence of detail so that your attention is drawn to the person in the frame. Conversely, you’ll also find that there is detail in every single pixel of her skin, eyes, nose, and lips. These are the areas that Chase was working hard to capture in the image, and those are the areas that are highlighted in the post production.
Close up on her face in the finished file.
Each final image in the book was given it’s own custom retouching, and the techniques varied quite a bit depending on the person and circumstances. What did not vary was the aesthetic concept, which served as a constant guide in both the photographic and post production processes. The real trick is not to figure out the how, there are always a thousand ways from A to B. I could have substituted channel mixer layers, dodging and burning, retouch brushes in Aperture, etc. for the curves and levels techniques I used. The real key is to develop a vision, and then do whatever works for you in order to execute. To check out the rest of the Seattle 100 images visit www.chasejarvis.com/seattle100.
Scott Rinckenberger
If you think about it, the compounding of all these layers is a lot like HDR processing in that you’re pulling out the best of different lighting to create a highly contrasted final image that has all the details you want.
Great work Scott.
I wonder if Silver Efex could give the same result (you know, with their U-point system thingy)